what is a shelter? A shelter is a shelter for avoiding danger. There are many types of shelters, generally military and civilian. The role of a military shelter is to reduce the destructive damage of firepower to personnel and equipment and improve the combat effectiveness of personnel. It mainly covers personnel, artillery, tanks, infantry and combat vehicles; The civil shelter is mainly used for the development of individual or other engineering projects or as a shelter to prevent geological or engineering injuries.
1. First of all, site selection is required. If the bunker is built directly below the nuclear explosion point, your bunker is basically built for nothing. Therefore, site selection is crucial, which is the basic premise of nuclear protection.
How to choose the site?
You need to have sufficient geographical knowledge. In addition, you need to understand the basic rules of war. For example, do not build in the vicinity of super cities, national transportation arteries, military ports, large military airports, scientific research and production sites of important military industries, nuclear institutions, large power stations, energy pipelines, water pipelines, military command organs, and troops above the brigade level.
If your location is your hometown, you should know more or less about whether there is a launch site.
In the site selection, we should also pay attention to the selection of highlands to prevent reservoir dam break and rainwater immersion. Nor can we choose steep terrain to prevent earthquakes, landslides and mudslides. It is better to use slightly undulating hills with thick soil layer, which is conducive to tunneling.
2. After selecting the place, we should start to consider the construction of the shelter. The specific design should be personalized according to the different needs of different people, but at least 4 square meters of usable area for each person should be guaranteed.
Generally speaking, a distance of one or two meters between the top of the bunker and the ground is enough. After all, it is a civilian bullet proof facility, not directly aimed at you, and the probability of hitting the top of your head is almost negligible. If it really hits the head, it will be useless to dig 20 meters deep, and even the tunnel in the mountain will be collapsed. All we can prevent is the shock wave.
In terms of space setting, it is recommended to build two channels, one is a conventional channel and the other is a shaft. Keep a certain distance between the two passages to prevent one of them from being blocked by force majeure, so as not to trap personnel in the bunker. Why is the other a shaft? This is because the shaft is hidden, and the structure is simple, and it will not be easily deformed after being pressed by some force from above. In addition, it can also be used as an airway to ensure air exchange in the shelter. The bottom of the shaft can also be dug into a well, which is usually separated by a solid baffle.
The internal space should have at least two parts, one is the living room and the other is the toilet. If there is no toilet, I believe it will be extremely embarrassing for a group of people to eat and go to the toilet in a narrow space, and it will also affect your appetite to eat. If you have the ability, you can also divide the living room into a main room, a side room, or even build an ear room. In addition, there may also be a water storage chamber and a power generation chamber. The water storage chamber and the power generation chamber do not need too much space, and they can be set on both sides of the conventional channel.
In addition to the internal layout, attention should also be paid to some hardware facilities, such as storage racks and upper and lower beds, which can be welded with thick and hard steel pipes. In case the shelter collapses, these metal components can play a certain supporting role. Maybe a 10 cm gap is your life-saving straw.
The upper part of the shelter can be a general civilian house or directly open to the air. If it is open to the air, there should be no prominent building edges and corners to prevent damage from lateral impact. Don't look strange, because the resolution of the satellite in the sky can see the brand of the car, and the high-altitude UAV image can see whether you are painted with red nails, so as to avoid the enemy's military reconnaissance means misjudging your civilian facilities as military facilities. There are many such examples in Afghanistan, Pakistan and Syria. You are a civilian, but the enemy country may not think so, so camouflage is necessary.
Post time: Sep-05-2022